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Burundi (Burundi, Republika y 'Uburundi the official name in the local Kirundi language of the country) is a country in central Africa. It covers an area of ??27,830 square kilometers, and has a population of 11215578 (ranked 82nd in the world), according to official estimates for 2020.
It was first a German colony (1884) and then a Belgian one from 1916 until 1962, when it gained its independence.
It was the focus of the 1994 genocide between the Hutu and Tutsi tribes, following the downing of a plane carrying the presidents of Rwanda and Burundi.
It borders Rwanda to the north, Tanzania to the east and south and Lake Taganika to the west, bordering the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
It is an enclosed state. As of January 16, 2019, the capital of the country is Gitega.
The country's largest city and financial center remains Bujumbura, which until then was the country's capital. The official languages ??are French and Kirundi.
Life expectancy is 52 years and the illiteracy rate is around 40%. President of the country from 2005 until his death in 2020, was Pierre Nourounziza.
Most of the inhabitants are Christians (about 60%), the rest are Muslims (about 10%) and 20% belong to local religions.
The country is very mountainous. The only area with an altitude of less than 900 meters. is a narrow plain along the Ruzizi River in the western part of the country, while the highest point has an altitude of 2,670 meters. (Heha peak), with the average altitude of the country being about 1,700 meters. From the low west begins the Mituba Mountains and towards the border with Tanzania, it develops into an uneven plateau. The average altitude of the plateau is about 1,500 meters.
 The country is bathed in its western part by the great Lake Tanganyika and flows through the rivers Kaniaro and Niabarongo.
Although the country is located in the equatorial region, the climate is peculiar, due to the high altitude. The average temperature ranges from 17  C to 23  C
and the annual height of rainfall is about 1500 mm. There are two rainy seasons (February - May and September - November) that alternate with two periods of drought (June - August and December - January).
During the wet seasons, floods are frequent, while during the dry seasons, frequent landslides occur, aided by the deforestation of the (sometimes dense) forests.